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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

Photographs • Weinmann “Graduale” on 5 Lines!

Jeff Ostrowski · November 28, 2022

WAS LISTENING to a fascinating video. An elderly Irish man was explaining what it was like to fight in THE GREAT WAR (“WWI”). When the men were told to “go over the top”—in other words, enter no man’s land to attack the Germans—anyone who refused to leave the trenches was shot on the spot. The Irish soldier said he looked down and saw a young man grievously wounded. The man’s organs were no longer inside his body; his innards were spread out on the ground. The Irish soldier said this poor chap uttered only word before he expired: “Mother.” Many of the soldiers were only 16 years old. Perhaps that boy was calling out (as he lay dying) to the person who had cared for him.

But A Few Years • We recently scanned and uploaded the Graduale on Modern Staves (672 pages) published in 1909 by Father Karl Weinmann, an eminent German musicologist. His Graduale was published just a few years before World War I began [Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife were assassinated on 28 June 1914], and his marvelous Vesperale on Modern Staves (651 pages) was published in 1915, during the war. I can’t get over the breathtaking typesetting and beauty of each page. Notice the German translation of the Latin, rigorously precise spacing, and splendid religious graphics:

A Different Time • World War I was utterly brutal. The dead bodies couldn’t be collected due to the risk of German sniper fire, so the young men were forced to watch their friends’ corpses decay for weeks (!) as the ubiquitous rats devoured them. The wounded had to exercise extreme caution, because rats would also attack them—and frequently such attacks were lethal. All the soldiers were infected with lice. They were not allowed to remove their boots. As a result, thousands had their feet amputated, as the frostbite often turned into gangrene. And yet, the soldiers did not hate the enemy. At Christmas, a 7-day truce witnessed English and German soldiers playing soccer together, exchanging gifts, enjoying pleasant conversation, singing Christmas carols together, and promising to “shoot high” after the truce came to an end. How different their lives were compared to ours!

Conclusion • Certainly, the vocation of a choirmaster is not easy. But let’s consider what our grandfathers suffered, and we will find the courage to continue on!

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

Filed Under: Articles, Featured Tagged With: Graduale by Dr Weinmann, Karl Weinmann 1873-1929 Last Updated: December 1, 2022

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About Jeff Ostrowski

Jeff Ostrowski holds his B.M. in Music Theory from the University of Kansas (2004). He resides with his wife and children in Michigan. —(Read full biography).

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President’s Corner

    PDF Download • “Atténde Dómine”
    Although it isn’t nearly as ancient as other hymns in the plainsong repertoire, Atténde Dómine, et miserére, quía peccávimus tíbi (“Look down, O Lord, and have mercy, for we have sinned against Thee”) has become one of the most popular hymns for LENT—perhaps because it was included in the famous Liber Usualis of Solesmes. This musical score (PDF file) has an incredibly accurate version in English, as well as a nice version in Spanish, and also the original Latin. Although I don’t claim to have a great singing voice, this morning I recorded this rehearsal video.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Music List • (1st Sunday of Lent)
    Readers have expressed interest in seeing the ORDER OF MUSIC I’ve prepared for this coming Sunday—22 February 2026—the 1st Sunday of Lent (Year A). If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. As always, the Responsorial Psalm, Gospel Acclamation, and Mass Propers for this Sunday are available at the outstanding feasts website alongside the official texts in Latin. I spent an enormous amount of time preparing this ORDER OF MUSIC—because the children’s choir will join us—and some of its components came out great. For example, the COMMUNION ANTIPHON with Fauxbourdon is utterly resplendent, yet still ‘Lenten’.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    2-Voice Arrangement for Lent
    Those seeking a two-voice arrangement for LENT and PASSIONTIDE should click here and scroll down. It’s based on number 775 in the Brébeuf Hymnal, with an enchanting melody written by Kevin Allen (the legendary American composer of sacred music). That text—“Pendens In Crucis Cornibus”—is often used for the Feast of our Lady of Sorrows. That link is important because, in addition to the musical score, it provides free rehearsal videos for each individual voice: something volunteer choirs appreciate!
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    “Reminder” — Month of Febr. (2026)
    On a daily basis, I speak to people who don’t realize we publish a free newsletter (although they’ve followed our blog for years). We have no endowment, no major donors, no savings, and refuse to run annoying ads. As a result, our mailing list is crucial to our survival. It couldn’t be easier to subscribe! Just scroll to the bottom of any blog article and enter your email address.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF Chart • “Plainsong Rhythm”
    I will go to my grave without understanding the lack of curiosity so many people have about the rhythmic modifications made by Dom André Mocquereau. For example, how can someone examine this single sheet comparison chart and at a minimum not be curious about the differences? Dom Mocquereau basically creates a LONG-SHORT LONG-SHORT rhythmic pattern—in spite of enormous and overwhelming manuscript evidence to the contrary. That’s why some scholars referred to his method as “Neo-Mensuralist” or “Neo-Mensuralism.”
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF • “O Come All Ye Faithful” (Simplified)
    I admire the harmonization of “Adeste Fideles” by David Willcocks (d. 2015), who served as director of the Royal College of Music (London, England). In 2025, I was challenged to create a simplified arrangement for organists incapable of playing the authentic version at tempo. The result was this simplified keyboard arrangement (PDF download) based on the David Willcocks version of “O Come All Ye Faithful.” Feel free to play through it and let me know what you think.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Random Quote

“Worse, composers are now setting the introits of the missal [instead of the Graduale] to music, even to chant, though these texts were explicitly for spoken recitation only.”

— ‘Dr. William Mahrt (Fall, 2015)’

Recent Posts

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  • PDF Download • “Atténde Dómine”
  • “Chant Is Not a Penitential Act” • Lenten Reflection by Daniel Marshall
  • (Ash Wednesday) • Medieval Illumination Depicting the Distribution of Ashes
  • Music List • (1st Sunday of Lent)

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