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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

Archbishop Sample’s Letter On Sacred Music (3 of 8)

Andrew R. Motyka · June 18, 2014

RCHBISHOP SAMPLE’S pastoral letter on sacred music has several wonderful passages to consider. While there are many discussions that should, and will, flow forth from this letter, I particularly appreciate the good Archbishop’s description of the qualities of sacred music.

      * *  Archbishop Sample • 2013 Letter (PDF)

When discussing liturgical art in general, and liturgical music in particular, it is easy to fall into thinking that the quality and appropriateness of literature is subjective. Archbishop Sample elucidates the qualities of sacred music in a way that puts the discussion in objective terms. Agreeing on criteria like this is essential if any discussion is to be had about what the Church wants from us in musical worship.

The three criteria shared by the Archbishop are the sanctity, beauty, and universality of music. By sanctity in music, he means the way in which music is executed in the liturgy, in a manner conducive to worship as well as its connection to the ritual itself. Not only should the choice of music be connected to the liturgy, but its performance also needs appropriate reverence. We need to avoid “profanity not only in itself, but in the manner in which it is presented by those who execute it.” Certainly a conversation can take place as to what constitutes “profanity” in music (profane, in this case, being defined as the opposite of sacred), but surely we can agree that turns of music that call to mind secular celebrations and not sacred prayer.

The second criterion, beauty, is the most subjective, but we still have some guidance here. We are called to music that is “true art,” so that it is clear that it has its place in the divine liturgy. The third element for consideration is the universality of sacred music. This is where the most interesting idea comes in, in my opinion. It relates back to the first criterion, the holiness of music, and that holiness transcends culture. Notice that this enculturation refers only to music that is already culturally relevant to worship, not simply all cultural practices to be worked into the liturgy. When cultural practices are connected to worship, they can be Christianized, when appropriate, and brought to the liturgy, provided they also fulfill the first two criteria.

THERE IS MUCH TO BE CONSIDERED in Archbishop Sample’s letter on pastoral music, and it is encouraging that such a musical and liturgical thinker is now so connected to the nation’s most overwhelmingly influential liturgical publishing house. This letter should provide for much consideration and conversation, and hopefully assist all of us in our mission of the worship of God and the edification of the faithful.


This is part of an 8-part series on Archbishop Sample’s historic letter:

FIRST REFLECTION • Jeff Ostrowski

SECOND REFLECTION • Aurelio Porfiri

THIRD REFLECTION • Andrew Motyka

FOURTH REFLECTION • Peter Kwasniewski

FIFTH REFLECTION • Richard Clark

SIXTH REFLECTION • Veronica Brandt

SEVENTH REFLECTION • Fr. David Friel

EIGHTH REFLECTION • Gwyneth Holston

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: Archbishop Alexander K Sample Last Updated: January 1, 2020

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About Andrew R. Motyka

Andrew Motyka is the Archdiocesan Director of Liturgical Music and Cathedral Music for the Archdiocese of Indianapolis.—(Read full biography).

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Corpus Christi Watershed

President’s Corner

    “Music List” • 17th in Ordinary Time (Year C)
    Some have expressed interest in perusing the ORDER OF MUSIC I prepared for the 17th Sunday in Ordinary Time (27 July 2025). If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. As always, the Responsorial Psalm, Gospel Acclamation, and Mass Propers for this Sunday are conveniently stored at the the feasts website.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Communion • “Ask & You Shall Receive”
    All of the chants for 27 July 2025 have been added to the feasts website, as usual under a convenient “drop down” menu. The COMMUNION ANTIPHON (both text and melody) are exceedingly beautiful and ancient.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Jeff’s Mother Joins Our Fundraiser
    To assist our fundraiser, Mrs. Kathleen Ostrowski has drawn several beautiful sketches which she offers to all our readers free of charge. If you have a moment, I invite you download them at this link.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    Pope Pius XII Hymnal?
    Have you ever heard of the Pope Pius XII Hymnal? It’s a real book, published in the United States in 1959. Here’s a sample page so you can verify with your own eyes it existed.
    —Corpus Christi Watershed
    “Hybrid” Chant Notation?
    Over the years, many have tried to ‘simplify’ plainsong notation. The O’Fallon Propers attempted to simplify the notation—but ended up making matters worse. Dr. Karl Weinmann tried to do the same in the time of Pope Saint Pius X by replacing each porrectus. You can examine a specimen from his edition and see whether you agree he complicated matters. In particular, look at what he did with éxsules fílii Hévae.
    —Corpus Christi Watershed
    Antiphons Don’t Match?
    A reader wants to know why the Entrance and Communion antiphons in certain publications deviate from what’s prescribed by the GRADUALE ROMANUM published after Vatican II. Click here to read our answer. The short answer is: the Adalbert Propers were never intended to be sung. They were intended for private Masses only (or Masses without music). The “Graduale Parvum,” published by the John Henry Newman Institute of Liturgical Music in 2023, mostly uses the Adalbert Propers—but sometimes uses the GRADUALE text: e.g. Solemnity of Saints Peter and Paul (29 June).
    —Corpus Christi Watershed

Random Quote

“From six in the evening, his martyrdom had continued through the ghastly night until nine o’clock in the morning. After fifteen hours of torture rarely if ever surpassed in the bloody annals of the Iroquois, the soul of Gabriel Lalemant was freed from its charred and mutilated prison and summoned to join his comrade Jean de Brébeuf in the radiant splendor of God. March 17th, 1649, was the date; for Brébeuf it had been the sixteenth.”

— ‘Fr. John A. O’Brien, speaking of St. Gabriel Lalemant’

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