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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

Organ Improvisation: To Record, or Not to Record?

Keven Smith · June 28, 2021

AM NOT A GOOD ORGANIST. But I’m learning—and I’m already adept at making the most of my limited skills. As I’ve mentioned here before, I almost exclusively improvise on the Gregorian propers for any given Mass. For Sunday Masses, I practice improvising during the preceding week and typically come in with carefully structured ideas. For weekday Masses (which I play almost daily unless the organ is suppressed), my improvisations are more on-the-spot. I think it’s good to practice both approaches. Creativity demands a certain amount of discipline. But discipline needs to loosen its tie once in a while.

On a recent Sunday, I improvised a postlude based on the jubilus of the Alleluia for that Mass (I recommend this as a low-risk, high-reward approach). It was nothing fancy; I typically use the outline of the melody and try to harmonize in a way that’s appealing without being too “I-IV-V-I.” After Mass, a very kind parishioner who frequently expresses his appreciation for our music program approached me.

“I loved that last piece!” he gushed. “Who was the composer?”

“Thank you,” I replied. “That was an improvisation.”

His face fell. “Ahhh….so I won’t be able to go to YouTube and listen to it again and again. Unless you recorded it?”

I shook my head. “I haven’t been recording much of my playing lately.”

“You should record these things!” he said with a wistful smile. “Because now it is gone forever….”

I can’t just enjoy a compliment; I have to analyze it to death. This brief exchange made me ponder the nature of improvisation.

Should we strive to make improvisation sound like a “piece”? This particular venture, slapdash as it was, really clicked and seemed whole. It felt good to have it mistaken for a composed piece; I would never call that a negative. But one of the things I love about the organ compositions of Charles Tournemire—and especially his L’Orgue Mystique—is that they sound improvised. Which approach is “right”? I’m new at this, but I suspect that improvisation isn’t about striving for anything; it’s about sincerity.

Will recording my improvisations change the way I play them? This question leads me to why I haven’t recorded anything in many weeks. During the long stretch in which our choir wasn’t singing, there were eight low Masses on our Sunday schedule, and I’d often play three or four of them. I’d come in with my improv ideas and hope to record one good rendition of each from any of my Masses. Playing for a recording can feel confining. There’s more fear of making a mistake and less willingness to stretch time or take a chance. My mind is on the product, not the process of adorning the liturgy with beauty. The irony is that most of the recordings sitting on my laptop’s hard drive will likely remain untouched due to my busy life and lack of desire to look back as I try to move forward.

So, should I record improvisations at all? I’m not asking an ethical question here, just an aesthetic one. My first organ teacher loved to remind me that many of the “compositions” we enjoy today were little more than improvisations in their time. Composers didn’t labor over them for months—they banged them out for people to enjoy in the moment. It’s no crime for us to revive them centuries later. But let’s not fool ourselves into thinking they’re all superior compositions just because they’re on paper.

Perhaps you or I could come up with something more ideally suited for this Mass and this congregation in this church, right here, right now.

I know there’s nothing wrong with hitting that red button on my iPhone before I begin playing. But music is ephemeral. Perhaps I should let it drift away like incense. If you missed it, you missed it. There will be more at the next Mass, but it won’t be the same. It might just be better.

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

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Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: organ, organ improvisation Last Updated: June 29, 2021

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About Keven Smith

Keven Smith, music director at St. Stephen the First Martyr, lives in Sacramento with his wife and five musical children.—(Read full biography).

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President’s Corner

    Pipe Organ “Answers” in Plainsong?
    In 2003, I copied a book by Félix Bélédin (d. 1895), who was titular organist—from 1841 to 1874—at the Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist in Lyon (France). In 2008, we scanned and uploaded the book to the Lalande Online Library. Nobody knows for sure when the book was published; some believe it first appeared in the 1840s. In any event, one who examines this excerpt, showing GLORIA IX might wonder why it says the organ answers in plainsong. However, the front of the book explains, telling the organist explicitly when to “respond in plainchant.” This is something called organ alternatim. Believe it or not, the pipe organ would take turns with the choir, playing certain texts instrumentally instead of having them sung. I’m not very well-versed in this—pardon the pun—but if memory serves, ORGAN ALTERNATIM was frowned upon by the time of Pope Saint Pius X. Nevertheless, French organists kept doing it, even after it was explicitly condemned as an abuse.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Music List • (5th Sunday of Lent)
    Readers have expressed interest in seeing the ORDER OF MUSIC I created for this coming Sunday, which is the 5th Sunday of Lent (22 March 2026). If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. Traditionally, this Sunday was called ‘Passion’ Sunday. Starting in 1956, certain church leaders attempted rename both ‘Passion’ Sunday and ‘Palm’ Sunday—but it didn’t work. For example, Monsignor Frederick McManus tried to get people to call PALM SUNDAY “Second Passion Sunday”—but the faithful rejected that. I encourage all the readers to visit the feasts website, where the Propria Missae may be downloaded completely free of charge.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Music List • (Holy Thursday, 2026)
    Readers have expressed interest in seeing the ORDER OF MUSIC I created for Holy Thursday, which is 2 April 2026. If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. I’m not sure I’ve ever heard a more piercingly beautiful INTROIT, and I have come to absolutely love the SATB version of ‘Ubi cáritas’ we are singing (joined by our burgeoning children’s choir). I encourage all the readers to visit the feasts website, where the Propria Missae may be downloaded completely free of charge.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    “Gregorian Chant Quiz” • 24 March 2026
    How well do you know your Gregorian hymns? Do you recognize the tune inserted into the bass line on this score? For many years, we sang the entire Mass in Gregorian chant—and I mean everything. As a result, it would be difficult to find a Gregorian hymn I don’t recognize instantly. Only decades later did I realize (with sadness) that this skill cannot be ‘monetized’… This particular melody is used for a very famous Gregorian hymn, printed in the LIBER USUALIS. Do you recognize it? Send me an email with the correct words, and I promise to tell everybody I meet about your prowess!
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF Download • “Ubi Caritas” (SATB)
    I remember singing “Ubi Cáritas” by Maurice Duruflé at the conservatory. I was deeply moved by it. However, some feel Duruflé’s version isn’t suitable for small choirs since it’s written for 6 voices and the bass tessitura is quite low. That’s why I was absolutely thrilled to discover this “Ubi cáritas” (SATB) for smaller choirs by Énemond Moreau, who studied with OSCAR DEPUYDT (d. 1925), an orphan who became a towering figure of Catholic music. Depuydt’s students include: Flor Peeters (d. 1986); Monsignor Jules Van Nuffel (d. 1953); Arthur Meulemans (d. 1966); Monsignor Jules Vyverman (d. 1989); and Gustaaf Nees (d. 1965). Rehearsal videos for each individual voice await you at #19705. When I came across the astonishing English translation for “Ubi Cáritas” by Monsignor Ronald Knox—matching the Latin’s meter—I decided to add those lyrics as an option (for churches which have banned Latin). My wife and I made this recording to give you some idea how it sounds.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF Download • “Holy, Holy, Holy”
    For vigil Masses on Saturday (a.k.a. “anticipated” Masses) we use this simpler setting of the “Holy, Holy, Holy” by Monsignor Jules Vyverman (d. 1989), a Belgian priest, organist, composer, and music educator who ultimately succeeded another ‘Jules’ (CANON JULES VAN NUFFEL) as director of the Lemmensinstituut in Belgium. Although I could be wrong, my understanding is that the LEMMENSINSTITUUT eventually merged with “Catholic University of Leuven” (originally founded in 1425). That’s the university Fulton J. Sheen attended.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Random Quote

“As late as 1834, British society had many restrictions on any person not adhering to the Anglican church. For example, Roman Catholics could not attend a university, serve on a city council, be a member of Parliament, serve in the armed forces, or even serve on a jury.”

— Regarding the Church of Henry VIII

Recent Posts

  • From Sentiment to Sacrament: Reclaiming Sacred Music for the Wedding Mass
  • Pipe Organ “Answers” in Plainsong?
  • “Gregorian Chant Quiz” • 24 March 2026
  • “Versions of the Psalter” • Jeff Interviews Top Biblical Scholar: Dr. Mark Giszczak
  • PDF Download • “Ubi Caritas” (SATB)

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