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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

Conducting Tip: Use the Whole Body

Keven Smith · April 29, 2023

UESTION FOR CONDUCTORS: Are you aware of your legs? It’s easy to forget about them entirely while you’re on the podium because you’re busy keeping time, cueing entrances, and perhaps singing along with your choir. But your legs are more important than you might think.

Before we go any further, allow me to lay out my conducting credentials, which won’t take long: I took a one-semester Elements of Conducting class at music school in the mid-1990s.

Like many of my fellow church choir directors, I was a well-trained singer who was pressed into duty as a conductor to fill a void (it’s actually a great story). As a result, I’m largely self-taught. I try to soak up as much conducting technique as I can through books, articles, and videos.

There are some wonderful resources out there for student conductors. But when you’re learning from a book rather than a person, it’s easy to fixate on the raw facts of conducting and become mechanical in your execution. Elementary conductor training tends to focus on baton technique, beat patterns, and the architecture of gestures. It’s tempting for self-taught conductors to think that as long as we know how to execute a 2-pattern, 3-pattern, and 4-pattern clearly enough, we’re good to go. (Besides, how many choir members actually watch us?)

But slavish adherence to patterns can limit our expressiveness. And overemphasizing our arms, shoulders, and hands can make us oblivious to the rest of the body. Why does it matter? Because a lack of integration between body parts can look tense, which comes across as nervousness and inhibits the sound of the ensemble. When you look tight, they’ll sing tight.

A Simple Way to Break Free

To free us from this pitfall, famed choral conducting pedagogue James Jordan preaches a gospel of body awareness. He emphasizes the importance of remaining aware of our core, promoting it as a key to expressive technique. He even encourages conductors to practice while sitting on a Swiss ball—the kind used in certain types of exercise.

Once we’ve gained greater body awareness, we can truly engage the whole body in each gesture. This doesn’t mean we’ll make superfluous movements with other body parts every time we lift an arm. But we should never move an arm in isolation while holding the rest of the body rigid. Instead, it’s best to let the rest of the body move naturally along with the arm.

Learn from Two Master Conductors

There’s a great demonstration of this principle on YouTube. The five-minute video below features a young conductor receiving live feedback from James Jordan and legendary wind ensemble conductor Eugene Migliaro Corporon while conducting a band. You can see for yourself that this young man has clean, crisp conducting technique. You’ll also notice that he is not aware of his legs—they’re like a tripod holding up his body. So even as you’re following the gestures of his upper half, something seems to be missing.

I can laugh with this conductor (and certainly not at him) because I know if it were me on the podium with those two luminaries watching, I would get ripped apart twice as badly. But we can all learn from this video. We must not forget about any body parts—especially parts as big as the legs—while we’re conducting.

As Dr. Jordan mentions in the video, we also must avoid “holding on” with the neck as our choir begins singing—a bad habit I have yet to break. I believe “holding on” and forgetting about the legs come from a similar place. Both indicate an intense focus on a goal rather than an openness to the singers and a positive acceptance of the music they’re offering at that moment.

There are far worse things a church choir conductor can do: antagonize and belittle his singers, waste rehearsal time, program inappropriate music, and fight with the clergy. But becoming oblivious to certain body parts is a subtle error that can sap the beauty of the music.

Are you aware of your legs?

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

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Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: choir conducting, conducting Last Updated: April 29, 2023

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About Keven Smith

Keven Smith, music director at St. Stephen the First Martyr, lives in Sacramento with his wife and five musical children.—(Read full biography).

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Corpus Christi Watershed

President’s Corner

    PDF Download • Introit (2nd Sn. Ord.)
    This coming Sunday, 18 January 2026, is the 3rd Sunday in Ordinary Time (Year A). The ENTRANCE CHANT is set according to the fourth mode, which sounds ‘serious’ or ‘dark’ or ‘haunting’ or ‘mysterious’—and its English adaptation corresponds to the authentic version (“Omnis terra adóret”) found in the GRADUALE ROMANUM. In this rehearsal video (click here) I attempt to sing the melody while simultaneously accompanying myself on the organ. I encourage you to print off the organ accompaniment (PDF) and play through it, because the harmonies are delightful.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Spectacular Communion Setting!
    The FAUXBOURDON setting of the Communion for the Baptism of the Lord (which will occur this coming Sunday) strikes me as quite spectacular. The verses—composed by the fifth century Christian poet, Coelius Sedulius—come from a long alphabetical acrostic and are deservedly famous. The feast of the LORD’S BAPTISM was traditionally the octave day of Epiphany, but in the 1962 kalendar it was made ‘more explicit’ or emphasized. The 1970 MISSALE ROMANUM elevated this feast even further.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF • “Music List” (Sunday, 11 January)
    Readers have expressed interest in perusing the ORDER OF MUSIC I’ve prepared for Feast of the Baptism of the Lord (SUNDAY, 11 January 2025). If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. The FAUXBOURDON verses for the Communion Antiphon—to say nothing of the antiphon itself—are breathtaking. As always, the Responsorial Psalm, Gospel Acclamation, and Mass Propers for this Sunday are available at the monumental feasts website alongside the official texts in Latin.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    “Reminder” — Month of January (2026)
    On a daily basis, I speak to people who don’t realize we publish a free newsletter (although they’ve followed our blog for years). We have no endowment, no major donors, no savings, and refuse to run annoying ads. As a result, our mailing list is crucial to our survival. Signing up couldn’t be easier: simply scroll to the bottom of any blog article and enter your email address.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF • “O Come All Ye Faithful” (Simplified)
    I admire the harmonization of “Adeste Fideles” by David Willcocks (d. 2015), who served as director of the Royal College of Music (London, England). In 2025, I was challenged to create a simplified arrangement for organists incapable of playing the authentic version at tempo. The result was this simplified keyboard arrangement (PDF download) based on the David Willcocks version of “O Come All Ye Faithful.” Feel free to play through it and let me know what you think.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF Download • “In Paradisum” in English
    We always sing the IN PARADISUM in Latin, as printed on this PDF score. I have an appallingly bad memory (meaning I’d be a horrible witness in court). In any event, it’s been brought to my attention that 15 years ago I created this organ accompaniment for the famous and beautiful ‘IN PARADISUM’ Gregorian chant sung in English according to ‘MR3’ (Roman Missal, Third Edition). If anyone desires such a thing, feel free to download and print. Looking back, I wish I’d brought the TENOR and BASS voices into a unison (on B-Natural) for the word “welcome” on the second line.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Random Quote

“Both priests and people in this country [viz. ENGLAND] were largely taken by surprise by the recent restoration of the Easter Vigil, by the changes in the laws of fasting for Holy Communion, and the advent of the Evening Mass.”

— Dom Oswald Sumner (1955)

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