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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

Conducting Tip: Use the Whole Body

Keven Smith · April 29, 2023

UESTION FOR CONDUCTORS: Are you aware of your legs? It’s easy to forget about them entirely while you’re on the podium because you’re busy keeping time, cueing entrances, and perhaps singing along with your choir. But your legs are more important than you might think.

Before we go any further, allow me to lay out my conducting credentials, which won’t take long: I took a one-semester Elements of Conducting class at music school in the mid-1990s.

Like many of my fellow church choir directors, I was a well-trained singer who was pressed into duty as a conductor to fill a void (it’s actually a great story). As a result, I’m largely self-taught. I try to soak up as much conducting technique as I can through books, articles, and videos.

There are some wonderful resources out there for student conductors. But when you’re learning from a book rather than a person, it’s easy to fixate on the raw facts of conducting and become mechanical in your execution. Elementary conductor training tends to focus on baton technique, beat patterns, and the architecture of gestures. It’s tempting for self-taught conductors to think that as long as we know how to execute a 2-pattern, 3-pattern, and 4-pattern clearly enough, we’re good to go. (Besides, how many choir members actually watch us?)

But slavish adherence to patterns can limit our expressiveness. And overemphasizing our arms, shoulders, and hands can make us oblivious to the rest of the body. Why does it matter? Because a lack of integration between body parts can look tense, which comes across as nervousness and inhibits the sound of the ensemble. When you look tight, they’ll sing tight.

A Simple Way to Break Free

To free us from this pitfall, famed choral conducting pedagogue James Jordan preaches a gospel of body awareness. He emphasizes the importance of remaining aware of our core, promoting it as a key to expressive technique. He even encourages conductors to practice while sitting on a Swiss ball—the kind used in certain types of exercise.

Once we’ve gained greater body awareness, we can truly engage the whole body in each gesture. This doesn’t mean we’ll make superfluous movements with other body parts every time we lift an arm. But we should never move an arm in isolation while holding the rest of the body rigid. Instead, it’s best to let the rest of the body move naturally along with the arm.

Learn from Two Master Conductors

There’s a great demonstration of this principle on YouTube. The five-minute video below features a young conductor receiving live feedback from James Jordan and legendary wind ensemble conductor Eugene Migliaro Corporon while conducting a band. You can see for yourself that this young man has clean, crisp conducting technique. You’ll also notice that he is not aware of his legs—they’re like a tripod holding up his body. So even as you’re following the gestures of his upper half, something seems to be missing.

I can laugh with this conductor (and certainly not at him) because I know if it were me on the podium with those two luminaries watching, I would get ripped apart twice as badly. But we can all learn from this video. We must not forget about any body parts—especially parts as big as the legs—while we’re conducting.

As Dr. Jordan mentions in the video, we also must avoid “holding on” with the neck as our choir begins singing—a bad habit I have yet to break. I believe “holding on” and forgetting about the legs come from a similar place. Both indicate an intense focus on a goal rather than an openness to the singers and a positive acceptance of the music they’re offering at that moment.

There are far worse things a church choir conductor can do: antagonize and belittle his singers, waste rehearsal time, program inappropriate music, and fight with the clergy. But becoming oblivious to certain body parts is a subtle error that can sap the beauty of the music.

Are you aware of your legs?

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

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Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: choir conducting, conducting Last Updated: April 29, 2023

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About Keven Smith

Keven Smith, music director at St. Stephen the First Martyr, lives in Sacramento with his wife and five musical children.—(Read full biography).

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President’s Corner

    “Reminder” — Month of December (2025)
    On a daily basis, I speak to people who don’t realize we publish a free newsletter (although they’ve followed our blog for years). We have no endowment, no major donors, no savings, and refuse to run annoying ads. As a result, our mailing list is crucial to our survival. Signing up couldn’t be easier: simply scroll to the bottom of any blog article and enter your email address.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Dr. Mahrt explains the ‘Spoken’ Propers
    In 1970, the Church promulgated a new version of the Roman Missal. It goes by various names: Ordinary Form, Novus Ordo, MISSALE RECENS, and so on. If you examine the very first page, you’ll notice that Pope Saint Paul VI explains the meaning of the ‘Spoken Propers’ (which are for Masses without singing). A quote by Dr. William P. Mahrt is also included in that file. The SPOKEN PROPERS—used at Masses without music—are sometimes called The Adalbert Propers, because they were created in 1969 by Father Adalbert Franquesa Garrós, one of Hannibal Bugnini’s closest friends (according to Yves Chiron).
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF • “Music List” (1st Sunday of Advent)
    Readers have expressed interest in perusing the ORDER OF MUSIC I’ve prepared for 30 November 2025, which is the 1st Sunday of Advent (Year A). If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. The ENTRANCE CHANT is quite memorable, and the fauxbourdon setting of the COMMUNION is exquisite. As always, the Responsorial Psalm, Gospel Acclamation, and Mass Propers for this Sunday are available at the feasts website alongside the official texts in Latin.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    “Translations Approved for Liturgical Use”
    According to the newsletter for USSCB’s Committee on Divine Worship dated September 1996, there are three (3) translations of the Bible which can be used in the sacred liturgy in the United States. You can read this information with your own eyes. It seems the USCCB and also Rome fully approved the so-called NRSV (“New Revised Standard Version”) on 13 November 1991 and 6 April 1992 but this permission was then withdrawn in 1994.
    —Corpus Christi Watershed
    Gospel Options for 2 November (“All Souls”)
    We’ve been told some bishops are suppressing the TLM because of “unity.” But is unity truly found in the MISSALE RECENS? For instance, on All Souls (2 November), any of these Gospel readings may be chosen, for any reason (or for no reason at all). The same is true of the Propria Missæ and other readings—there are countless options in the ORDINARY FORM. In other words, no matter which OF parish you attend on 2 November, you’ll almost certainly hear different propers and readings, to say nothing of different ‘styles’ of music. Where is the “unity” in all this? Indeed, the Second Vatican Council solemnly declared: “Even in the liturgy, the Church has no wish to impose a rigid uniformity in matters which do not implicate the faith or the good of the whole community.”
    —Corpus Christi Watershed
    “Our Father” • Musical Setting?
    Looking through a Roman Catholic Hymnal published in 1859 by Father Guido Maria Dreves (d. 1909), I stumbled upon this very beautiful tune (PDF file). I feel it would be absolutely perfect to set the “Our Father” in German to music. Thoughts?
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Random Quote

For the most part, a “good pope” is defined as someone who does what the critic would do if he were pope.

— William F. Buckley Jr. (6 September 1978)

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