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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

The Pipe Organ in Survival Mode

Richard J. Clark · May 2, 2014

HERE IS NO NEWS to report that organists and pipe organs have long been in “survival mode.” It is not news that organ departments in certain conservatories have been dispensed with and many churches are opting out of the use of the organ altogether. This is boring old news, the domain of no one denomination or institution. We’ve all seen it.

While there is decline in some places, there is rebirth in others. Why is this? A recent article in the New York Times, A Harmonic Drone Subsides in Britain: “Once Top Musicians, Organists See Loss of Relevance.” Reporter Michael White begins by discussing the general demise of the once magnificent, powerful and influential Royal College of Organists in London upon its 150th anniversary. Yet it optimistically and creatively forges on.

Creativity is the key. So is tenacity when it comes to the survival of the organ. In this article James O’Donnell, organist of Westminster Abbey and past president of the Royal College of Organists, first speaks of the economic state of being an organist:

“I’m not aware of any crisis in finding the next generation of organists,” Mr. O’Donnell said. “The problem is that there are so few jobs to enable them to do it professionally.”

Mr. O’Donnell continues:

“The important thing for us is to have a sense of ourselves not as organists — a breed apart — but as musicians who happen to the play the organ,” he said. “That’s the task, after 150 years. We need to reinvent ourselves.”

Even when it comes to liturgy, organists can no longer take for granted the dominant use—or for that matter, any use of the organ. It is no longer presumed a given, despite anything Sacrosanctum Concilium states—even this:

120. In the Latin Church the pipe organ is to be held in high esteem, for it is the traditional musical instrument which adds a wonderful splendor to the Church’s ceremonies and powerfully lifts up man’s mind to God and to higher things.

HEREFORE, IN LITURGY, TAKE NOTHING for granted. No one owes the pipe organ anything, for the liturgy does not exist to serve the organ. The organ exists solely to serve the liturgy. (A news flash for some: playing the service music well is actually more important than the organ prelude and postlude.)

What about the Vatican II Liturgy Documents? To be honest, “to be held in high esteem” can be interpreted in myriad ways especially by those uninterested in the instrument.

So there are times when our art is tested. In music, take nothing for granted. Be grateful for your art and defend it like a mother or father protects their child. There are always times when the integrity of the liturgy (and beauty) is tested. When the pipe organ and organist – even great ones – are optioned for other instruments or styles, then one has choices:

    A • Find a new job. Often this is the only viable choice and may entail moving around the country as many church musicians do. The organ and music program one leaves behind will likely suffer great decay until leadership changes. It could be a long, intolerable wait.
      B • Enter “survival mode, stick it out, and positively influence the future.

If taking choice B, then what? Here are some creative thoughts to keeping the organ alive and rebuilding with the future in mind. You may have additional ideas to suggest:

1 • You may have to accept a potentially diminished role of the organ in the liturgy. E.g., the organ does not play on every single piece of music. The upside is that when the organ does play, it has the potential to become more special (not unlike the limited orchestral use of certain instruments to provide emphasis or color). Using the organ relatively less may in fact increase appreciation of the instrument by its supporters and increase excitement for its music. Very importantly, It keeps the organ in the consciousness of the congregation when the alternative is silence. Make it count when it is heard—not in volume but in beauty.

2 • Be open to using the organ as an ensemble instrument. Whether as a continuo instrument, or in chamber music or even with guitars—(yes this can work quote well! I’ve done it—a lot, even at an AGO event), get creative and keep the wind going through those pipes! Remember, it is not all about the organist but about God. Wait—something wonderful might come of this! Cultivating other instrumentalists is always a good thing for your congregation and music program, is it not?

3 • Keep concerts alive. Retain this creative outlet. Keep yourself and the instrument accessible to your audience afterwards.

4 • Children are always fascinated with pipe organs and their consoles. Invite families with children to sit in on your postludes – or give an organ tour or “Organ crawl” for your parish. Parents appreciate fun and educational experiences for their children.

5 • Do your job with integrity. Having integrity wards off those who wish to sabotage good work. Furthermore, likable and trustworthy people tend to attract more donors and funding, making the political waters relatively less turbulent.

6 • Pray unceasingly for wise judgement.

ETER KRASINSKI, IS ONE OF THE FINEST and most creative musicians in the United States. Thinking outside of the box, he brings new audiences around the world to the pipe organ in unconventional ways and venues. On the subject of organists moving forward, he stated: “All the great music makers I have known are almost always very comfortable with themselves and their art, at the same time open to new ideas and striving to improve THEMSELVES, not someone else.”

Maybe that’s the key to not only surviving, but thriving! While doing so, think creatively and unconventionally to keep alive not only the organ, but prayer and beauty in the liturgy. What lives might you change in the process?

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: Pipe Organ Last Updated: January 1, 2020

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About Richard J. Clark

Richard J. Clark is the Director of Music of the Archdiocese of Boston and the Cathedral of the Holy Cross.—(Read full biography).

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President’s Corner

    PDF Comparison Chart • “Serious Problems with the Lectionary Translation”
    EARS BEFORE truly revolutionary changes were introduced by the post-conciliar reformers, Evelyn Waugh wrote (on 16 August 1964) to John Cardinal Heenan: “I think that a vociferous minority has imposed itself on the hierarchy and made them believe that a popular demand existed where there was in fact not even a preference.” We ask the kind reader— indeed, we beg you—to realize that those of us born in the 1940s and 1950s had no cognizance of Roman activities during the 1960s and 1970s. We were concerned with making sure we had the day’s bus fare, graduating from high school, taking care of our siblings, learning a trade, getting a job, courting a spouse. We questioned neither the nuns nor the Church.1 Do not believe for one instant any of us were following the liturgical machinations of Cardinal Lercaro or Father Bugnini in real time. Setting The Stage • To never question or resist Church authorities is praiseworthy. On the other hand, when a scandalous situation persists for decades, it must be brought into focus. Our series will do precisely that as we discuss the Lectionary Scandal from a variety of angles. We don’t do this to attack the Catholic Church. Our goal is bringing to light what’s been going on, so it can be fixed once and for all. Our subject is extremely knotty and difficult to navigate. Its complexity helps explain why the situation has persisted for such a long time.2 But if we immediately get “into the weeds” we’ll lose our audience. Therefore, it seems better to jump right in. So today, we’ll explore the legality of selling these texts. A Word On Copyright • Suppose Susie modifies a paragraph by Edgar Allan Poe. That doesn’t mean ipso facto she can assert copyright on it. If Susie takes a picture of a Corvette and uses Photoshop to color the tires blue, that doesn’t mean she henceforth “owns” all Corvettes in America. But when it comes to Responsorial Psalm translations, certain parties have been asserting copyright over them, selling them for a profit, and bullying publishers vis-à-vis hymnals and missals. Increasingly, Catholics are asking whether these translations are truly under copyright—because they are identical (or substantially identical) to other translations.3 Example After Example • Our series will provide copious examples supporting our claims. Sometimes we’ll rely on the readership for assistance, because—as we’ve stressed—our subject’s history couldn’t be more convoluted. There are countless manuscripts (in Greek, Hebrew, and Latin) we don’t have access to, so it would be foolish for us to claim that our observations are somehow the ‘final word’ on anything. Nevertheless, we demand accountability. Catholics in the pews are the ones who paid for all this. We demand to know who specifically made these decisions (which impact every English-speaking Catholic) and why specifically certain decisions were made. The Responsorial Psalms used in America are—broadly speaking—stolen from the hard work of others. In particular, they borrowed heavily from Father Cuthbert Lattey’s 1939 PSALTER TRANSLATION:
    *  PDF Download • COMPARISON CHART —We thank the CCW staff for technical assistance with this graph.
    Analysis • Although certain parties have been selling (!!!) that translation for decades, the chart demonstrates it’s not a candidate for copyright since it “borrows” or “steals” or “rearranges” so much material from other translations, especially the 1939 translation by Father Cuthbert Lattey. What this means in layman’s terms is that individuals have been selling a translation under false pretenses, a translation they don’t own (although they claim to). To make RESTITUTION, all that money will have to be returned. A few years ago, the head of ICEL gave a public speech in which he said they give some of “their” profits to the poor. While almsgiving is a good thing, it cannot justify theft. Our Constant Theme • Our series will be held together by one thread, which will be repeated constantly: “Who was responsible?” Since 1970, the conduct of those who made a profit by selling these sacred texts has been repugnant. Favoritism was shown toward certain entities—and we will document that with written proof. It is absolutely essential going forward that the faithful be told who is making these decisions. Moreover, vague justifications can no longer be accepted. If we’re told they are “making the translations better,” we must demand to know what specifically they’re doing and what specific criteria they’re following. Stay Tuned • If you’re wondering whether we’ll address the forthcoming (allegedly) Lectionary and the so-called ABBEY PSALMS AND CANTICLES, have no fear. We’ll have much to say about both. Please stay tuned. We believe this will end up being the longest series of articles ever submitted to Corpus Christi Watershed. To be continued. ROBERT O’NEILL Former associate of Monsignor Francis “Frank” P. Schmitt at Boys Town in Nebraska JAMES ARNOLD Formerly associated w/ King’s College, Cambridge A convert to the Catholic Church, and distant relative of J. H. Arnold MARIA B. Currently serves as a musician in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Charlotte. Those aware of the situation in her diocese won’t be surprised she chose to withhold her last name.
    1 Even if we’d been able to obtain Roman journals such as NOTITIAE, none of them contained English translations. But such an idea would never have occurred to a high school student or a college student growing up in the 1960s. 2 A number of shell corporations claim to own the various biblical translations mandated for Roman Catholics. They’ve made millions of dollars selling (!) these indulgenced texts. If time permits, we hope to enumerate these various shell corporations and explain: which texts they claim to own; how much they bring in each year; who runs them; and so forth. It would also be good to explore the morality of selling these indulgenced texts for a profit. Furthermore, for the last fifty years these organizations have employed several tactics to manipulate and bully others. If time permits, we will expose those tactics (including written examples). Some of us—who have been working on this problem for three decades—have amassed written documentation we’ll be sharing that demonstrates behavior at best “shady” and at worst criminal. 3 Again, we are not yet examining the morality of selling (!) indulgenced texts to Catholics mandated to use those same translations.
    —Guest Author
    “Music List” • 17th in Ordinary Time (Year C)
    Some have expressed interest in perusing the ORDER OF MUSIC I prepared for the 17th Sunday in Ordinary Time (27 July 2025). If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. As always, the Responsorial Psalm, Gospel Acclamation, and Mass Propers for this Sunday are conveniently stored at the the feasts website.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Communion • “Ask & You Shall Receive”
    All of the chants for 27 July 2025 have been added to the feasts website, as usual under a convenient “drop down” menu. The COMMUNION ANTIPHON (both text and melody) are exceedingly beautiful and ancient.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    Pope Pius XII Hymnal?
    Have you ever heard of the Pope Pius XII Hymnal? It’s a real book, published in the United States in 1959. Here’s a sample page so you can verify with your own eyes it existed.
    —Corpus Christi Watershed
    “Hybrid” Chant Notation?
    Over the years, many have tried to ‘simplify’ plainsong notation. The O’Fallon Propers attempted to simplify the notation—but ended up making matters worse. Dr. Karl Weinmann tried to do the same in the time of Pope Saint Pius X by replacing each porrectus. You can examine a specimen from his edition and see whether you agree he complicated matters. In particular, look at what he did with éxsules fílii Hévae.
    —Corpus Christi Watershed
    Antiphons Don’t Match?
    A reader wants to know why the Entrance and Communion antiphons in certain publications deviate from what’s prescribed by the GRADUALE ROMANUM published after Vatican II. Click here to read our answer. The short answer is: the Adalbert Propers were never intended to be sung. They were intended for private Masses only (or Masses without music). The “Graduale Parvum,” published by the John Henry Newman Institute of Liturgical Music in 2023, mostly uses the Adalbert Propers—but sometimes uses the GRADUALE text: e.g. Solemnity of Saints Peter and Paul (29 June).
    —Corpus Christi Watershed

Random Quote

It was thought important that the song should actually accompany the distribution of Communion. A Carolingian explanation of the Mass remarks that during the Communion “soft melody should touch the ear [of the faithful] so that hearing this sound they would busy themselves less with distracting thoughts and … their hearts would be moved to humble love for that which they receive.”

— Father Josef Andreas Jungmann

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