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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

Gregorian Rhythm Wars • “Disputed Questions” (16 Nov 2022)

Dr. Charles Weaver · November 16, 2022

IN my previous post, I argued against two frequent assertions of Jeff Ostrowski. He has responded thus:

It may seem insignificant, but I would like to underscore that I don’t consider these claims as mine. For instance, the letter from the Prefect for the Congregation of Sacred Rites dated 18 February 1910 speaks (explicitly) on behalf of “the mind of the Holy Father and of the Sacred Congregation of Rites.” That letter specifically says “the rhythmical form of the melodies […] is inseparable from the edition itself.”

I will try to clarify exactly what two claims I am disputing. You can read what I wrote in context, but here the two claims are, in the form of questions:

  1. Does the rhythmic interpretation described in the Vatican Edition preface remain the “official rhythm of the Catholic Church?”
  2. Are the Solesmes rhythmic signs “illicit?”

In the first question, the key word is remain. Ostrowski frequently uses phrases such as “the rhythm of the official edition is still technically mandated by the church.” If this is so, is there a current document that states this mandate, which remains in place? Is there a current member of the Roman curia who would agree with this stance? Does Ostrowski’s position reflect the mind of the current Holy Father? The latest piece of evidence he has given so far is from 1958, and even that is open to different interpretations by reasonable people. A lot has changed in the realm of sacred music since then.

As to the second question, I will also need to see some further evidence. The fact of history remains that as long as there has been a typical edition of the Roman Gradual, there has also been a typical edition of the Roman Gradual with added rhythmic signs. These have been permitted, tolerated, or allowed with varying degrees of coolness or warmth by the Roman authorities since the beginning, but the key point is that they have been allowed. There was indeed a lot of polemic directed against the signs in 1906 and for perhaps a decade after. But nowhere (after the change in design of the Solesmes signs) does a member of the hierarchy definitively say “The Solesmes signs are illicit.”

I insist on this point because it seems impossible to me to have a discussion of paleography or performance practice if we cannot agree on what the Catholic Church allows with regard to singing Gregorian chant. At least one reader has been convinced that “it seems we have all been disobedient.” I say, to the contrary, that anyone who sings Gregorian Chant liturgically with the intention of serving the most beautiful and artful liturgical practice has absolutely not been disobedient but is working for the good of the Church. Both Bruno de Labriolle and the nuns of Jouques are doing great things for the cause of sacred music. If either of these are violating a mandate of the Church by the way they sing, I will have to see better evidence of it than what has been offered so far.

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: Gregorian Rhythm Wars Last Updated: December 6, 2022

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About Dr. Charles Weaver

Dr. Charles Weaver is on the faculty of the Juilliard School, and serves as director of music for St. Mary’s Church. He lives in Connecticut with his wife and four children.—(Read full biography).

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President’s Corner

    Simplified Accompaniment (Easter Hymn)
    Number 36 in the Brébeuf Hymnal is “At the Lamb’s high feast we sing,” an English translation for Ad Cenam Agni Próvidi (which was called “Ad Régias Agni Dapes” starting 1631). As of this morning, you can download a simplified keyboard accompaniment for it. Simple click here and scroll to the bottom. Many organists are forced to serve simultaneously as both CANTOR and ACCOMPANIST. In spite of what some claim, this can be difficult—which explains why choirmasters appreciate these simplified keyboard accompaniments. Sadly, many readers will click that link but forget to scroll to the bottom where the simplified PDF file is located.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF Download • “Quasi Modo Sunday”
    The Introit for “Quasi Modo Sunday” (12 April 2026) is particularly beautiful. The musical score can be downloaded as a PDF file, and so can the organ accompaniment. The official language of the Catholic Church is Latin (whereas Greek is our mother tongue). Vatican II said Gregorian Chant must be given “first place” under normal circumstances. As a result, some parishes will rightly sing the authentic version. On the other hand, because so many USA dioceses disobey the mandate of Vatican II, some musicians sing plainsong in the vernacular. I have attempted to simultaneously accompany myself on the pipe organ while singing the English version. Although very few take advantage of it, the complete Proprium Missae is posted at the flourishing feasts website.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    ‘German’ Introductions for Hymns
    German organ books have an enchanting habit of including introductions for each and every hymn. For example, consider this snazzy example found in a German hymnal published in 1902. In the Saint Jean de Brébeuf Hymnal, that melody is called “Laudes Mariae” and was married to Omni Die Dic Mariae, with a popular English translation (“Daily, daily, sing to Mary”) by Father Henry Bittleston, an Oratorian priest. Notice they also added a ‘tailpiece’ or ‘playout’ or postlude at the end—a very German thing to do!
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    PDF • “Liturgical Law” (467 Pages)
    On Good Friday during the middle ages, the pope privately recited THE ENTIRE PSALTER. If you don’t believe me, see for yourself by reading this passage by Dom Charles Augustine Bachofen (d. 1943). His famous book—called “Liturgical Law: A Handbook Of The Roman Liturgy”—was published by the Benjamin Herder Book Company, which was the American arm (operating out of St. Louis, Missouri) of one of the world’s most significant Catholic publishers. Dom Charles Augustine Bachofen was born in Switzerland but spent his career between the Benedictine monasteries at Conception (Missouri) and Mount Angel (Oregon). His 1931 masterpiece, Liturgical Law can be downloaded as a PDF file … 467 pages!
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    “Gregorian Chant Quiz” • 24 March 2026
    How well do you know your Gregorian hymns? Do you recognize the tune inserted into the bass line on this score? For many years, we sang the entire Mass in Gregorian chant—and I mean everything. As a result, it would be difficult to find a Gregorian hymn I don’t recognize instantly. Only decades later did I realize (with sadness) that this skill cannot be ‘monetized’… This particular melody is used for a very famous Gregorian hymn, printed in the LIBER USUALIS. Do you recognize it? Send me an email with the correct words, and I promise to tell everybody I meet about your prowess!
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF Download • “Ubi Caritas” (SATB)
    I remember singing “Ubi Cáritas” by Maurice Duruflé at the conservatory. I was deeply moved by it. However, some feel Duruflé’s version isn’t suitable for small choirs since it’s written for 6 voices and the bass tessitura is quite low. That’s why I was absolutely thrilled to discover this “Ubi cáritas” (SATB) for smaller choirs by Énemond Moreau, who studied with OSCAR DEPUYDT (d. 1925), an orphan who became a towering figure of Catholic music. Depuydt’s students include: Flor Peeters (d. 1986); Monsignor Jules Van Nuffel (d. 1953); Arthur Meulemans (d. 1966); Monsignor Jules Vyverman (d. 1989); and Gustaaf Nees (d. 1965). Rehearsal videos for each individual voice await you at #19705. When I came across the astonishing English translation for “Ubi Cáritas” by Monsignor Ronald Knox—matching the Latin’s meter—I decided to add those lyrics as an option (for churches which have banned Latin). My wife and I made this recording to give you some idea how it sounds.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Random Quote

“Just before he left Letchworth, as he well knew to meet his death, he turned and bade good-bye to his little church, and silently kissed the altar-stone on which he had so frequently offered Mass.”

— From the life of Father Adrian Fortescue

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  • PDF Download • “Quasi Modo Sunday”
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  • Fascinating Interpretation of the “Regina Caeli” (Solemn Tone)

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