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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

“Ten Commandments” • for the Choirmaster

Jeff Ostrowski · January 9, 2017

485 Monsignor Hugh O'Flaherty HERE’S AN OLD SAYING: “The truth is stranger than fiction.” For instance, did you know Jefferson Davis eventually went into the insurance business? How does one transition from leading the Confederacy to selling insurance?

Take another example: A brutal Nazi officer named Colonel Herbert Kappler terrorized Rome, but after WWII spent many years in prison—until his wife helped him escape (August 1977) by carrying him inside a suitcase! 1 Monsignor Hugh O’Flaherty, a WWII hero who saved about 6,000 lives, regularly visited Kappler in prison. This was done in spite of the horrific cruelty Kappler had shown to O’Flaherty’s dear friends. Month after month O’Flaherty came to see him, discussing literature and religion—and eventually received Kappler into the Catholic Church. Truth is stranger than fiction.

At the very bottom, I explain how this adage relates to a CHURCH MUSICIAN’S DECALOGUE:

(1) Don’t get angry, no matter what.

The life of a church musician is filled with frustration. Many times, surprises will tempt you to become filled with rage. No matter what, always remain calm. I cannot tell you the amount of times I’ve had to learn this lesson.

(2) Sing, sing, sing.

We’re choirmasters, so we love music—and we love talking about music. That’s normal, but rehearsal time is precious. Remind yourself over and over: sing, sing, sing. Don’t describe the sound you want; demonstrate it. Make them repeat. Don’t talk about your plans for the choir, because that’s not what the volunteers came to hear. Occasionally, if you want to mention a fact about music theory, that’s fine—but keep it extremely short, so you can get back to singing.

(3) You get no credit for prep.

As choirmasters, planning is one of the most important things we do. We plan the music, the chair locations, the binder page turns, and so forth. You will never get any credit for this—but don’t let that discourage you. Moreover, you must formulate PLAN B, in case Frank doesn’t show up. And you need PLAN C, in case Susie doesn’t show up. And you need PLAN D, in case Susie and Frank don’t show up. Do you understand what I’m getting at? People will be sick. People will be absent. Plan for this!

(4) Time is your friend vis-à-vis problems.

Sometimes there are problems. Perhaps a choir member is behaving badly, or someone consistently messes something up. Your impulse will be to address the problem immediately; but don’t, because choir is a “long-term” thing. (We must remember that.) Problems tend to work themselves out. For instance, people who act inappropriately frequently never return—so that problem has already solved itself without you doing anything! Moreover, sometimes the circumstances that caused the issues disappear—which eliminates the problem. The choir landscape is something alive, teeming with change. Every Sunday is different, even when it’s the same people at the same church!

(5) Father Valentine’s maxim.

As a young boy, I’d complain to Fr. Valentine about the choir members who didn’t show up, who failed to prepare, and who constantly made mistakes. Fr. Valentine would always repeat: “Jeff, when you’re working with volunteers, you must be careful.” You will be tempted to get angry at members who show up late or need special help. You must not become angry. Remember Father’s rule, because it’s excellent. Moreover, do everything you possibly can for your volunteers so rehearsal time can be spent rehearsing. If that means spending hours sorting out their binders, so be it. Rehearsal time is precious.

(6) Not too fast, buddy.

Don’t be overly anxious to add new repertoire. We choirmasters have been obsessed with music forever, but not everyone is like us. It often takes amateurs months to really digest a piece of music.

(7) Expect attack.

After Vatican II, it became popular among elites to disparage “traditional” church music (in quite a supercilious way). Those who favored a so-called “Eurocentric” repertory were looked down upon, and we were told to embrace eclecticism. However, something remarkable has happened. For fifty years, those pushing this agenda have been too embarrassed to put forth examples they’re proud of. You, on the other hand, want to do something positive and beautiful. Expect to be attacked—but when people attack, ask them what specific piece they think is better than (for example) Tomás Luis de Victoria.

(8) Who’s in charge?

Choir members love to make suggestions. They’re just trying to be helpful, not realizing that thirty-six choir members making two suggestions per week equals 3,744 suggestions! On very rare occasions, I’ve had to dismiss choir members because they refused to stop making suggestions—but I don’t like doing that. Under normal circumstances, I give a gentle reminder: “My expectation is that choir members come and sing; making excessive suggestions is not what I’m looking for in a choir member.” At the end of the day, if somebody isn’t happy with how you’re directing, that person should leave. Full stop.

(9) Recruiting must be constant.

People get sick. People move away. People give birth. Because of this, you must be constantly recruiting—and this constitutes the hardest work you’ll do. Moreover, you must treat your members as humans. That is, you must develop a personal relationship with them.

(10) Beware the internet.

I’m sure there are wonderful people who type on the internet, but I come across much that is problematic. To put it bluntly, harmful statements are made—forcefully and dogmatically—by people who have never stood in front of a choir. Examine the credentials of those giving advice and listen to their recordings. Remember that any fool can publish lengthy internet articles, but building an excellent choir requires hard work and perseverance.

I limited myself to ten rules, but hundreds more could be added!

EARLIER, WE SPOKE ABOUT that proverb: “Truth is stranger than fiction.” Some of my rules might sound strange. After all, I didn’t tell you to go read Mocquereau’s Le Nombre Musical Grégorien. Nor did I tell you to watch online conducting videos. Nor did I tell you to study ancient manuscripts. Nor did I tell you to purchase every Josef Hofmann recording ever made (although that is a fantastic idea). Even if my suggestions sound “strange,” I promise you they’re 100% a posteriori. And they’re all true.

Since we’ve been speaking of choirs, I must tell you how thrilled I am with the progress made by the FSSP.la choir. Last Sunday, for example, we had about thirty singers—and their choral sound was marvelous.



NOTES FROM THIS ARTICLE:

1   Speaking of brutal Nazi officers, a cruel man named Karl Wolff—after serving just four years in prison after WWII ended—eventually became an advertising firm executive (pardon the pun). How does one transition from being a high-ranking Nazi leader to the field of advertising?

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

Filed Under: Articles Last Updated: January 1, 2020

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About Jeff Ostrowski

Jeff Ostrowski holds his B.M. in Music Theory from the University of Kansas (2004). He resides with his wife and children in Michigan. —(Read full biography).

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President’s Corner

    PDF Comparison Chart • “Serious Problems with the Lectionary Translation”
    EARS BEFORE truly revolutionary changes were introduced by the post-conciliar reformers, Evelyn Waugh wrote (on 16 August 1964) to John Cardinal Heenan: “I think that a vociferous minority has imposed itself on the hierarchy and made them believe that a popular demand existed where there was in fact not even a preference.” We ask the kind reader— indeed, we beg you—to realize that those of us born in the 1940s and 1950s had no cognizance of Roman activities during the 1960s and 1970s. We were concerned with making sure we had the day’s bus fare, graduating from high school, taking care of our siblings, learning a trade, getting a job, courting a spouse. We questioned neither the nuns nor the Church.1 Do not believe for one instant any of us were following the liturgical machinations of Cardinal Lercaro or Father Bugnini in real time. Setting The Stage • To never question or resist Church authorities is praiseworthy. On the other hand, when a scandalous situation persists for decades, it must be brought into focus. Our series will do precisely that as we discuss the Lectionary Scandal from a variety of angles. We don’t do this to attack the Catholic Church. Our goal is bringing to light what’s been going on, so it can be fixed once and for all. Our subject is extremely knotty and difficult to navigate. Its complexity helps explain why the situation has persisted for such a long time.2 But if we immediately get “into the weeds” we’ll lose our audience. Therefore, it seems better to jump right in. So today, we’ll explore the legality of selling these texts. A Word On Copyright • Suppose Susie modifies a paragraph by Edgar Allan Poe. That doesn’t mean ipso facto she can assert copyright on it. If Susie takes a picture of a Corvette and uses Photoshop to color the tires blue, that doesn’t mean she henceforth “owns” all Corvettes in America. But when it comes to Responsorial Psalm translations, certain parties have been asserting copyright over them, selling them for a profit, and bullying publishers vis-à-vis hymnals and missals. Increasingly, Catholics are asking whether these translations are truly under copyright—because they are identical (or substantially identical) to other translations.3 Example After Example • Our series will provide copious examples supporting our claims. Sometimes we’ll rely on the readership for assistance, because—as we’ve stressed—our subject’s history couldn’t be more convoluted. There are countless manuscripts (in Greek, Hebrew, and Latin) we don’t have access to, so it would be foolish for us to claim that our observations are somehow the ‘final word’ on anything. Nevertheless, we demand accountability. Catholics in the pews are the ones who paid for all this. We demand to know who specifically made these decisions (which impact every English-speaking Catholic) and why specifically certain decisions were made. The Responsorial Psalms used in America are—broadly speaking—stolen from the hard work of others. In particular, they borrowed heavily from Father Cuthbert Lattey’s 1939 PSALTER TRANSLATION:
    *  PDF Download • COMPARISON CHART —We thank the CCW staff for technical assistance with this graph.
    Analysis • Although certain parties have been selling (!!!) that translation for decades, the chart demonstrates it’s not a candidate for copyright since it “borrows” or “steals” or “rearranges” so much material from other translations, especially the 1939 translation by Father Cuthbert Lattey. What this means in layman’s terms is that individuals have been selling a translation under false pretenses, a translation they don’t own (although they claim to). To make RESTITUTION, all that money will have to be returned. A few years ago, the head of ICEL gave a public speech in which he said they give some of “their” profits to the poor. While almsgiving is a good thing, it cannot justify theft. Our Constant Theme • Our series will be held together by one thread, which will be repeated constantly: “Who was responsible?” Since 1970, the conduct of those who made a profit by selling these sacred texts has been repugnant. Favoritism was shown toward certain entities—and we will document that with written proof. It is absolutely essential going forward that the faithful be told who is making these decisions. Moreover, vague justifications can no longer be accepted. If we’re told they are “making the translations better,” we must demand to know what specifically they’re doing and what specific criteria they’re following. Stay Tuned • If you’re wondering whether we’ll address the forthcoming (allegedly) Lectionary and the so-called ABBEY PSALMS AND CANTICLES, have no fear. We’ll have much to say about both. Please stay tuned. We believe this will end up being the longest series of articles ever submitted to Corpus Christi Watershed. To be continued. ROBERT O’NEILL Former associate of Monsignor Francis “Frank” P. Schmitt at Boys Town in Nebraska JAMES ARNOLD Formerly associated w/ King’s College, Cambridge A convert to the Catholic Church, and distant relative of J. H. Arnold MARIA B. Currently serves as a musician in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Charlotte. Those aware of the situation in her diocese won’t be surprised she chose to withhold her last name.
    1 Even if we’d been able to obtain Roman journals such as NOTITIAE, none of them contained English translations. But such an idea would never have occurred to a high school student or a college student growing up in the 1960s. 2 A number of shell corporations claim to own the various biblical translations mandated for Roman Catholics. They’ve made millions of dollars selling (!) these indulgenced texts. If time permits, we hope to enumerate these various shell corporations and explain: which texts they claim to own; how much they bring in each year; who runs them; and so forth. It would also be good to explore the morality of selling these indulgenced texts for a profit. Furthermore, for the last fifty years these organizations have employed several tactics to manipulate and bully others. If time permits, we will expose those tactics (including written examples). Some of us—who have been working on this problem for three decades—have amassed written documentation we’ll be sharing that demonstrates behavior at best “shady” and at worst criminal. 3 Again, we are not yet examining the morality of selling (!) indulgenced texts to Catholics mandated to use those same translations.
    —Guest Author
    “Music List” • 17th in Ordinary Time (Year C)
    Some have expressed interest in perusing the ORDER OF MUSIC I prepared for the 17th Sunday in Ordinary Time (27 July 2025). If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. As always, the Responsorial Psalm, Gospel Acclamation, and Mass Propers for this Sunday are conveniently stored at the the feasts website.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Communion • “Ask & You Shall Receive”
    All of the chants for 27 July 2025 have been added to the feasts website, as usual under a convenient “drop down” menu. The COMMUNION ANTIPHON (both text and melody) are exceedingly beautiful and ancient.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    Pope Pius XII Hymnal?
    Have you ever heard of the Pope Pius XII Hymnal? It’s a real book, published in the United States in 1959. Here’s a sample page so you can verify with your own eyes it existed.
    —Corpus Christi Watershed
    “Hybrid” Chant Notation?
    Over the years, many have tried to ‘simplify’ plainsong notation. The O’Fallon Propers attempted to simplify the notation—but ended up making matters worse. Dr. Karl Weinmann tried to do the same in the time of Pope Saint Pius X by replacing each porrectus. You can examine a specimen from his edition and see whether you agree he complicated matters. In particular, look at what he did with éxsules fílii Hévae.
    —Corpus Christi Watershed
    Antiphons Don’t Match?
    A reader wants to know why the Entrance and Communion antiphons in certain publications deviate from what’s prescribed by the GRADUALE ROMANUM published after Vatican II. Click here to read our answer. The short answer is: the Adalbert Propers were never intended to be sung. They were intended for private Masses only (or Masses without music). The “Graduale Parvum,” published by the John Henry Newman Institute of Liturgical Music in 2023, mostly uses the Adalbert Propers—but sometimes uses the GRADUALE text: e.g. Solemnity of Saints Peter and Paul (29 June).
    —Corpus Christi Watershed

Random Quote

Nothing should be allowed that is unworthy of divine worship, nothing that is obviously profane or unfit to express the inner, sacred power of prayer. Nothing odd or unusual is allowable, since such things, far from fostering devotion in the praying community, rather shock and upset it—and impede the proper and rightful cultivation of a devotion faithful to tradition.

— Pope Paul VI • 10/13/1966

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