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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

It’s All About The Players

Dr. Alfred Calabrese · October 29, 2015

321Pyramid blue LIKE BASEBALL. I LIKE BASEBALL A LOT. I especially like baseball when my team is in the World Series. This is the case this year. A quote by New York Mets manager Terry Collins caught my attention last week. When asked about how he felt about getting to the World Series he accepted no credit, saying “It’s all about the players. They did all the work.” This comment made me think again about choirs, choir leadership, and choral sound.

There are many different approaches to the choral sound. One of the more famous ones is the concept formulated back in the 1930’s by John Finley Williamson at Westminster Choir College in Princeton, NJ. Williamson described this sound as the shape of a New England church. (See: Ray Robinson and Allen Winold, The Choral Experience: Literature, Materials, and Methods, New York, Hagerstown, San Francisco, and London: Harper’s College Press, 1976, 179). This can also be thought of as a pyramid. In this choral sound the basses, greater in number than any other section, created the foundation. The altos and tenors created a rich middle. Second sopranos were fewer in number and rested above the alto and tenor. Finally, the fewest singers were in the first soprano section, which rested at the top of the pyramid. These days, this concept of choral sound is probably not utilized in exactly this way, but we do find instances of a pyramid effect, in which the choral sound is created from the bottom up. In this concept, sopranos are asked to create a shimmery, light and pure sound over a rich and warm foundational bass.

If choral sound can be thought of as a pyramid, perhaps the social construct of a choir can be thought of as an inverted pyramid, with the conductor at the bottom. Balancing everything, never tipping, the conductor is the least of all the individuals involved. Above the conductor, along the rich middle, sits all the singers, in increasing numbers and importance. Let’s face it – without people there is no choir. At the very top of the inverted pyramid, along the largest and widest swath of space, is the music itself.

People join choirs for many reasons. Some join because of the great repertoire, some for the social aspect, and some to serve. But conductors can also become the reason people join. People become attached to their conductors, who may be charismatic, great teachers, big personalities, or excellent jokesters. Some conductors relish their reputations as maestros, scholars, or gurus, achieving an almost cultish following. Conductors can sometimes fall into the trap of thinking they are the reason the choir exists, or why people join the choir. This is dangerous. Conductors should think of themselves as small, at the bottom, with the people of the choir and its repertoire growing and expanding in importance above them.

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

Filed Under: Articles Last Updated: January 1, 2020

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About Dr. Alfred Calabrese

Dr. Alfred Calabrese is Director of Music and Liturgy at St. Rita Catholic Church in Dallas, TX. He and his wife have two children.—(Read full biography).

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Corpus Christi Watershed

President’s Corner

    Which Mass?
    When the Vatican Commission on Gregorian Chant began publishing the EDITIO VATICANA—still the Church’s official edition—in 1905, they ‘assigned’ different Masses to different types of feasts. However, they were careful to add a note (which began with the words: Qualislibet cantus hujus Ordinarii). That note made clear that “chants from one Mass may be used together with those from others.” Sadly, I sometimes worked for TLM priests who weren’t fluent in Latin. As a result, they stubbornly insisted Mass settings were ‘assigned’ to different feasts and seasons (which is false). If one wants to understand the great variety, one should examine the 1904 KYRIALE by Peter Wagner. One should also look through Dom Mocquereau’s Liber Usualis (1904), in which the Masses are all mixed up. For instance, Gloria II in his book was assigned as an ‘ad libitum’ in the EDITIO VATICANA.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Like! Like! Like!
    You won’t believe who recently gave us a “like” on the Corpus Christi Watershed FACEBOOK PAGE. Click here (PDF) to see who it was. We were not only sincerely honored, we were utterly flabbergasted. This was truly a resounding endorsement and unmistakable stamp of approval.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF Download • “Atténde Dómine”
    Although it isn’t nearly as ancient as other hymns in the plainsong repertoire, Atténde Dómine, et miserére, quía peccávimus tíbi (“Look down, O Lord, and have mercy, for we have sinned against Thee”) has become one of the most popular hymns for LENT—perhaps because it was included in the famous Liber Usualis of Solesmes. This musical score (PDF file) has an incredibly accurate version in English, as well as a nice version in Spanish, and also the original Latin. Although I don’t claim to have a great singing voice, this morning I recorded this rehearsal video.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    “Reminder” — Month of Febr. (2026)
    On a daily basis, I speak to people who don’t realize we publish a free newsletter (although they’ve followed our blog for years). We have no endowment, no major donors, no savings, and refuse to run annoying ads. As a result, our mailing list is crucial to our survival. It couldn’t be easier to subscribe! Just scroll to the bottom of any blog article and enter your email address.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF Chart • “Plainsong Rhythm”
    I will go to my grave without understanding the lack of curiosity so many people have about the rhythmic modifications made by Dom André Mocquereau. For example, how can someone examine this single sheet comparison chart and at a minimum not be curious about the differences? Dom Mocquereau basically creates a LONG-SHORT LONG-SHORT rhythmic pattern—in spite of enormous and overwhelming manuscript evidence to the contrary. That’s why some scholars referred to his method as “Neo-Mensuralist” or “Neo-Mensuralism.”
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF • “O Come All Ye Faithful” (Simplified)
    I admire the harmonization of “Adeste Fideles” by David Willcocks (d. 2015), who served as director of the Royal College of Music (London, England). In 2025, I was challenged to create a simplified arrangement for organists incapable of playing the authentic version at tempo. The result was this simplified keyboard arrangement (PDF download) based on the David Willcocks version of “O Come All Ye Faithful.” Feel free to play through it and let me know what you think.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Random Quote

This was first breach in the walls of a fortress, centuries old, stoutly built, strong and robust, but no longer capable of responding to the spiritual needs of the age. [N.B. the “fortress” is a liturgy which nourished countless great saints.]

— Annibale Bugnini (19 March 1966)

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