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Corpus Christi Watershed

Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

It’s All About The Players

Dr. Alfred Calabrese · October 29, 2015

321Pyramid blue LIKE BASEBALL. I LIKE BASEBALL A LOT. I especially like baseball when my team is in the World Series. This is the case this year. A quote by New York Mets manager Terry Collins caught my attention last week. When asked about how he felt about getting to the World Series he accepted no credit, saying “It’s all about the players. They did all the work.” This comment made me think again about choirs, choir leadership, and choral sound.

There are many different approaches to the choral sound. One of the more famous ones is the concept formulated back in the 1930’s by John Finley Williamson at Westminster Choir College in Princeton, NJ. Williamson described this sound as the shape of a New England church. (See: Ray Robinson and Allen Winold, The Choral Experience: Literature, Materials, and Methods, New York, Hagerstown, San Francisco, and London: Harper’s College Press, 1976, 179). This can also be thought of as a pyramid. In this choral sound the basses, greater in number than any other section, created the foundation. The altos and tenors created a rich middle. Second sopranos were fewer in number and rested above the alto and tenor. Finally, the fewest singers were in the first soprano section, which rested at the top of the pyramid. These days, this concept of choral sound is probably not utilized in exactly this way, but we do find instances of a pyramid effect, in which the choral sound is created from the bottom up. In this concept, sopranos are asked to create a shimmery, light and pure sound over a rich and warm foundational bass.

If choral sound can be thought of as a pyramid, perhaps the social construct of a choir can be thought of as an inverted pyramid, with the conductor at the bottom. Balancing everything, never tipping, the conductor is the least of all the individuals involved. Above the conductor, along the rich middle, sits all the singers, in increasing numbers and importance. Let’s face it – without people there is no choir. At the very top of the inverted pyramid, along the largest and widest swath of space, is the music itself.

People join choirs for many reasons. Some join because of the great repertoire, some for the social aspect, and some to serve. But conductors can also become the reason people join. People become attached to their conductors, who may be charismatic, great teachers, big personalities, or excellent jokesters. Some conductors relish their reputations as maestros, scholars, or gurus, achieving an almost cultish following. Conductors can sometimes fall into the trap of thinking they are the reason the choir exists, or why people join the choir. This is dangerous. Conductors should think of themselves as small, at the bottom, with the people of the choir and its repertoire growing and expanding in importance above them.

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

Filed Under: Articles Last Updated: January 1, 2020

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About Dr. Alfred Calabrese

Dr. Alfred Calabrese is Director of Music and Liturgy at St. Rita Catholic Church in Dallas, TX. He and his wife have two children.—(Read full biography).

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Corpus Christi Watershed

President’s Corner

    PDF Download • “Organ Accompaniment”
    Over the past few years, I’ve been harmonizing all the vernacular plainsong Introit settings by the CHAUMONOT COMPOSERS GROUP. This coming Sunday—10 May 2026—is the 6th Sunday of Easter (Year A). The following declaration will probably smack of “blowing my own horn.” However, I’d rank this accompaniment as my best yet. In this rehearsal video, I attempt to sing it while simultaneously accompanying myself on the pipe organ. The musical score [for singers] as well as my organ accompaniment can be downloaded free of charge from the flourishing feasts website.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    “Gregorian Chant Quiz” • 4 May 2026
    A few days ago, the CORPUS CHRISTI WATERSHED Facebook page posted this Gregorian Chant quiz regarding a rubric for the SEQUENCE for the feast of Corpus Christi: “Lauda Sion Salvatórem.” There is no audience more intelligent than ours—yet surprisingly nobody has been able to guess the rubric. Drop me an email with the right answer, and I’ll affirm your brilliance to everyone I encounter!
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    “Rare Photographs” • Hannibal Bugnini
    On 2 September 2025, we included in this article extremely rare photographs of Archbishop Hannibal Bugnini taken in Iran circa 1979. Bugnini had initially been banished by the pope to Uruguay, but he refused to obey. [This is interesting, since Bugnini relied upon ‘blind obedience’ when it came to modifications of the ancient liturgy.] After he refused to obey the order from the pope, Hannibal Bugnini was banished to Iran. You can also watch a short video of Hannibal Bugnini in Iran, dated 10 November 1979. That’s about a week after the USA embassy hostage crisis began in Tehran, and Pope Saint John Paul II had sent the leader of the Iranian Revolution a special letter.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    PDF Download • “Anima Christi”
    I received a request for an organ accompaniment I created way back in 2007 for the “Anima Christi” Gregorian Chant. You can download this PDF file which has the score in plainsong followed by a keyboard accompaniment. Many melodies have been paired with “Anima Christi” over the centuries, but this is—perhaps—the most common one.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF • “Liturgical Law” (467 Pages)
    On Good Friday during the middle ages, the pope privately recited THE ENTIRE PSALTER. If you don’t believe me, see for yourself by reading this passage by Dom Charles Augustine Bachofen (d. 1943). His famous book—called “Liturgical Law: A Handbook Of The Roman Liturgy”—was published by the Benjamin Herder Book Company, which was the American arm (operating out of St. Louis, Missouri) of one of the world’s most significant Catholic publishers. Dom Charles Augustine Bachofen was born in Switzerland but spent his career between the Benedictine monasteries at Conception (Missouri) and Mount Angel (Oregon). His 1931 masterpiece, Liturgical Law can be downloaded as a PDF file … 467 pages!
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    “Gregorian Chant Quiz” • 24 March 2026
    How well do you know your Gregorian hymns? Do you recognize the tune inserted into the bass line on this score? For many years, we sang the entire Mass in Gregorian chant—and I mean everything. As a result, it would be difficult to find a Gregorian hymn I don’t recognize instantly. Only decades later did I realize (with sadness) that this skill cannot be ‘monetized’… This particular melody is used for a very famous Gregorian hymn, printed in the LIBER USUALIS. Do you recognize it? Send me an email with the correct words, and I promise to tell everybody I meet about your prowess!
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Random Quote

“In all this mediaeval religious poetry there is much that we could not use now. Many of the hymns are quite bad, many are frigid compositions containing futile tricks, puns, misinterpreted quotations of Scripture, and twisted concepts, whose only point is their twist. But there is an amazing amount of beautiful poetry that we could still use. If we are to have vernacular hymns at all, why do we not have translations of the old ones?”

— Fr. Adrian Fortescue (d. 1923)

Recent Posts

  • PDF Download • “Organ Accompaniment”
  • “Gregorian Chant Quiz” • 4 May 2026
  • “Rare Photographs” • Hannibal Bugnini
  • “Regina Caeli” • More Than You Wanted To Know
  • Music List • “5th Sunday of Easter” (Year A)

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