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Pope Saint Paul VI (3 April 1969): “Although the text of the Roman Gradual—at least that which concerns the singing—has not been changed, the Entrance antiphons and Communions antiphons have been revised for Masses without singing.”

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Views from the Choir Loft

The Art of Negotiation in Liturgy

Richard J. Clark · August 22, 2014

HE MASS IS THE MASS, is it not? Yes it is. Say the Black. Do the Red. Sing the propers. End of story. Ite missa est. Experience tells us this rarely is the case. Reasons for this are as plentiful as the stars in the sky.

For many musicians, the idea of negotiation or ongoing give and take is distasteful. We’ve worked hard to cultivate our skills. The Vatican II Documents validate our views in no uncertain terms, e.g, “112. The musical tradition of the universal Church is a treasure of inestimable value, greater even than that of any other art.” (Sacrosanctum Concilium.)

Consider as well, the following language from Vatican II:

118. Religious singing by the people is to be intelligently fostered so that in devotions and sacred exercises, as also during liturgical services, the voices of the faithful may ring out according to the norms and requirements of the rubrics. (ibid)

HERE IS A UNIVERSAL REALITY that the typical parish is very far from understanding, no less implementing, the liturgical ideals put forth by the Liturgy Documents. They may lack financial resources, training, or support from leadership. Furthermore, it is vital to understand that progress is never made by making declarations or even quoting the liturgical documents, even if we feel justified in doing so. It doesn’t work and never will. So what will?

Here are four important steps:
    1 • Stop complaining and start mentoring!
    2 • Meet people where they are at and challenge them little by little from there.
    3 • Model the ideal whenever the opportunity presents itself.
    4 • Know when to push the envelope and when to put on the brakes. (This avoids backlash from too much change, too fast.)

You expect this to be easy? Forget it. This is the work of a lifetime!

FFECTIVE NEGOTIATION IS LARGELY EMOTIONAL. So, if there is one thing to put into daily practice it is this: Acknowledge the emotional importance a particular view plays in another’s life. Even if you do not share that view or preference, in doing so you begin dialogue by validating the other’s emotion. This is essential because the other feels that they are being listened to and are not necessarily entering into an adversarial dynamic. Dismiss this emotional dynamic, demand 100%, and assuredly you will be left with nothing no matter how justified your position. Acknowledge the emotion and the door may be cracked open for mutually constructive dialogue.

A SIMPLE AND COMMON EXAMPLE: A couple has an emotional connection to a pop song that they absolutely must have at their wedding. Begin by directly expressing your understanding that this piece is personally important to them. (Remember, the wedding is not about you.) Continue with a brief layman’s explanation of why it would not be appropriate in the sacred context. Be prepared to offer alternatives, even if not up to your personal standards. (Meet them where they are at and try to challenge them a little.) Finally, suggest another way they can use this song that is so important to them, perhaps at a special moment during the reception.

Dismiss the pop song that has emotional relevance in their life, and you have just made your job a lot harder. It takes more energy to be kind. Furthermore, keep in mind that citing rules is the fastest way to get people to leave the Church. Being kind will open the door for them to stay or return.

Practice this in smaller matters, and over time you will develop better skills. In doing so, you will be far better equipped to handle more important matters such as the musical education of our children and uplifting liturgical standards.

Meanwhile, revel in the support of colleagues. Read and reread the liturgy documents, for they are inspiring. Above all, remain passionate for God and your work, for your example may be most persuasive of all.

Opinions by blog authors do not necessarily represent the views of Corpus Christi Watershed.

Filed Under: Articles Last Updated: January 1, 2020

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About Richard J. Clark

Richard J. Clark is the Director of Music of the Archdiocese of Boston and the Cathedral of the Holy Cross.—(Read full biography).

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Corpus Christi Watershed

President’s Corner

    Music List • (Holy Thursday, 2026)
    Readers have expressed interest in seeing the ORDER OF MUSIC I created for Holy Thursday, which is 2 April 2026. If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. I’m not sure I’ve ever heard a more piercingly beautiful INTROIT, and I have come to absolutely love the SATB version of ‘Ubi cáritas’ we are singing (joined by our burgeoning children’s choir). I encourage all the readers to visit the feasts website, where the Propria Missae may be downloaded completely free of charge.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    “O Escam Viatorum” • (Holy Thursday)
    When I was very young, I erroneously believed the four psalms provided by the 1957 Liber Usualis—for Communion on Holy Thursday—were the “correct” music to sing on that first day of the TRIDUUM SACRUM. Those four psalms are: Psalm 22 (Dóminus regit me et nihil mihi déerit); Psalm 71 (Deus judícium tuum regi da); Psalm 103 (Bénedic ánima méa); and Psalm 150 (Laudáte Dóminum in sanctis ejus). It turns out I was way out in left field! While nothing forbids singing those psalms, many other options are equally valid. Our volunteer parish choir will sing this COMMUNION PIECE (joined by our burgeoning children’s choir) on Holy Thursday during Holy Communion. Needless to say, this will happen after the proper antiphon from the GRADUALE ROMANUM has been sung.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    Music List • (4th Sunday of Lent)
    Readers have expressed interest in seeing the ORDER OF MUSIC I created for this coming Sunday, which is the 4th Sunday of Lent (15 March 2026). If such a thing interests you, feel free to download it as a PDF file. This feast has sublime propers. It is most often referred to as “Lætare Sunday” owing to its INTROIT. I encourage all the readers to visit the feasts website, where the Propria Missae may be downloaded completely free of charge.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Quick Thoughts

    Stumped by “Episcopalian Hymnal” (1910)
    Some consider Songs of Syon (1910) the greatest Episcopalian hymnal ever printed. As a Roman Catholic, I have no right to weigh in one way or the other. However, this particular page has me stumped. I just know I’ve heard that tune somewhere! If you can help, please email me. I’m talking about the text which begins: “This is the day the Lord hath made; In unbeclouded light array’d.” The book is by George Ratcliffe Woodward, and its complete title is: Songs of Syon: A Collection of Psalms, Hymns, and Spiritual Songs. Back in 2016, Corpus Christi Watershed scanned and uploaded this insanely rare book. For years our website was the sole place one could download it as a PDF file.
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    “Dies Irae” • A Monstrous Translation
    It isn’t easy to determine what Alice King MacGilton hoped to accomplish with her very popular book—A Study of Latin Hymns (1918)—which continued to be reprinted in new editions for at least 34 years. This PDF file shows her attempt to translate the DIES IRAE “in the fewest words possible.” There’s a place for dynamic equivalency, but this is repugnant. In particular, look what she does to “Quærens me sedísti lassus.”
    —Jeff Ostrowski
    PDF Download • “Holy, Holy, Holy”
    For vigil Masses on Saturday (a.k.a. “anticipated” Masses) we use this simpler setting of the “Holy, Holy, Holy” by Monsignor Jules Vyverman (d. 1989), a Belgian priest, organist, composer, and music educator who ultimately succeeded another ‘Jules’ (CANON JULES VAN NUFFEL) as director of the Lemmensinstituut in Belgium. Although I could be wrong, my understanding is that the LEMMENSINSTITUUT eventually merged with “Catholic University of Leuven” (originally founded in 1425). That’s the university Fulton J. Sheen attended.
    —Jeff Ostrowski

Random Quote

“It is the choir that can make the most valuable contribution to the liturgy; it is through the choir that significant numbers of the congregation can make a significant and valuable offering in the community’s act of worship. The choir links directly academic excellence, artistic creation, disciplined attention and self expression in the making of something fitting for the worship of God.”

— Father Daniel Higgins, Choirmaster at Saint Edmund’s College, Ware

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